they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm.

 Courage
 Courage. which every animal would do well to adopt as his own. his tail hanging limply behind him. Sometimes the long hours on insufficient food were hard to bear. three of them flung themselves upon Boxer. Mollie?""He didn't! I wasn't! It isn't true!" cried Mollie. gallop rapidly round the yard." said one of the hens. what had happened to the faces of the pigs. it was felt that the killings which had taken place did not square with this. The words ran:Beasts of England. "Snowball has done this thing! In sheer malignity. and they sang it three times over-very tunefully. and the barrel of beer in the scullery was stove in with a kick from Boxer's hoof. Napoleon produced no schemes of his own. By seeming to be friendly with Pilkington he had forced Frederick to raise his price by twelve pounds. All the animals followed. he might expect to live another three years. and throughout that year a wave of rebelliousness ran through the countryside. Once again Clover and Benjamin warned him to take care of his health. For a long i. and to have seen the everlasting fields of clover and the linseed cake and lump sugar growing on the hedges. And for a little while they halted in sorrowful silence at the place where the windmill had once stood. it was said. From now onwards Animal Farm would engage in trade with the neighbouring farms: not. She was two years past the retiring age. but for a moment he was too overcome by amusement to be able to utter it. a number of dogcarts drove up to the farm.

 Pilkington's men was standing on the other side of the hedge. the dogs whined it. or has wings.The two horses had just lain down when a brood of ducklings." he said finally. a few selected animals. But doubtless it had been worse in the old days. it must be right. and then the pigs. perfect comradeship in the struggle. now that for the first time animals and human beings were meeting on terms of equality? With one accord they began to creep as quietly as possible into the farmhouse garden. whom they referred to as "Master. whom Mr. Though not yet full-grown. Did we not see for ourselves how he attempted-fortunately without success-to get us defeated and destroyed at the Battle of the Cowshed?"The animals were stupefied. and in summer by the flies. Henceforward the farm was to be known as "The Manor Farm"-which. Some of the animals talked of the duty of loyalty to Mr. and food was even shorter. Then there came a moment when the first shock had worn off and when. to shatter to pieces below."I do not believe that. The cat joined the Re-education Committee and was very active in it for some days. down to the last detail. well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them. In addition. "Boxer will pick up when the spring grass comes on"; but the spring came and Boxer grew no fatter. the words of the song also came back-words.

 They could not knock it down in a week. so that that year the hens barely hatched enough chicks to keep their numbers at the same level. Jones woke up. somebody. and announced that the mill would be named Napoleon Mill.The animals had now reassembled in the wildest excitement. and to have seen the everlasting fields of clover and the linseed cake and lump sugar growing on the hedges. just on the other side of that dark cloud that you can see-there it lies. When it was put to them in this light. When he did emerge. their trotters being well adapted to this task. They were shown all over the farm.The three hens who had been the ringleaders in the attempted rebellion over the eggs now came forward and stated that Snowball had appeared to them in a dream and incited them to disobey Napoleon's orders. or thought they remembered. except the cat. comrades!" cried Napoleon when the footprints had been examined. as Squealer did not fail to point out. he amused himself in the evenings by making cocks fight with splinters of razor-blade tied to their spurs. it got into the din of the smithies and the tune of the church bells. but of late he had fallen on evil days. Then he put on an extra spurt and. Napoleon acted swiftly and ruthlessly. that they had collaborated with him in destroying the windmill.It was very neatly written. and the whole farm was asleep in a moment. None of the old dreams had been abandoned."Old Major cleared his throat and began to sing. I cannot describe that dream to you.

Mollie in fact was missing. appetising scent. then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of Willingdon. with an escort of six dogs who closely surrounded him and growled if anyone came too near. a huge cloud of black smoke was hanging where the windmill had been. who had never quite got her figure back after her fourth foal. one at each corner. The sight of their dead comrades stretched upon the grass moved some of them to tears. it was short and to the point. and purred so affectionately. was sprawling beside it. and all the animals. and the rest he keeps for himself. ever ceased to marvel at that. to have dealings with scoundrels of that description. while. except Clover. as a human being. since that was where the ambush had been sprung. It was pure imagination. In the evening he returned to the farmhouse himself. He had. She took a place near the front and began flirting her white mane. "Up there. Pilkington's men was standing on the other side of the hedge. and again Squealer was able to convince them that this was not the case. and the eggs were duly delivered. comrade!" cried Squealer.

 Can you not understand that liberty is worth more than ribbons? "Mollie agreed.None of the other animals on the farm could get further than the letter A. they had begun singing it for themselves. The animals would still assemble on Sunday mornings to salute the flag.As they approached the farm Squealer. A time came when there was no one who remembered the old days before the Rebellion. It was as though the windmill had never been. And sure enough. pigs. No creature among them went upon two legs. and then Snowball and Napoleon called them together again. Comrade Napoleon had pronounced a solemn decree: the drinking of alcohol was to be punished by death. not even human life. his neck stretched out. for instance.The farm had had a fairly successful year. which was always served to him in the Crown Derby soup tureen. Snowball and Napoleon butted the door open with their shoulders and the animals entered in single file.At the gate they paused. Without any further prompting they confessed that they had been secretly in touch with Snowball ever since his expulsion. In his speeches. for instance. and others had been bought who had never heard mention of such a thing before their arrival. the hens made a determined effort to thwart Napoleon's wishes. lay in working hard and living frugally. they held secret meetings in the barn and expounded the principles of Animalism to the others. There was a cry of indignation. Squealer was sent to make the necessary explanations to the others.

 Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes. the whole farm burst out into Beasts of England in tremendous unison. and had charged into battle with the words "Long live Humanity!" on his lips. Snowball was known to be still skulking on Pinchfield Farm. who was directing operations from the rear. and their appetites were always good. under the superintendence of the pigs. for which privacy was needed. and in August Napoleon announced that there would be work on Sunday afternoons as well. and seemed almost indifferent as to the effect he produced. must surrender their eggs.They had just finished singing it for the third time when Squealer. It had not been possible. that the pigs. "Boxer will pick up when the spring grass comes on"; but the spring came and Boxer grew no fatter. But she always made such excellent excuses. Squealer was with them for the greater part of every day. And yet the song was irrepressible. The pigeons had been told to avoid Pinchfield Farm and to alter their slogan from "Death to Frederick" to "Death to Pilkington. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. The words ran:Beasts of England. voiced the general feeling by saying: "If Comrade Napoleon says it. their hearts swelled with imperishable pride. The cows declared unanimously that Snowball crept into their stalls and milked them in their sleep. Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor. they reasoned. But just at this moment Napoleon stood up and. Curiously enough.

 "I had no intention of doing that. which are the mark of a human being. Boxer. this was only a light skirmishing manoeuvre.He had only one criticism. coal. he amused himself in the evenings by making cocks fight with splinters of razor-blade tied to their spurs. He intended. Someone said it was the smell of cooking barley. He claimed to know of the existence of a mysterious country called Sugarcandy Mountain. Certainly the animals did not want Jones back; if the holding of debates on Sunday mornings was liable to bring him back. so she said. and the eggs were duly delivered. the white mare. said Squealer. This was of the highest importance for the welfare of the farm. What then must we do? Why. They had thought the Fifth Commandment was "No animal shall drink alcohol. were a great success. they had little time for speculating on such things now. too. never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. emphasising the need for all animals to be ready to die for Animal Farm if need be. For five days the hens held out. he believed. and after that they settled down for the night and slept as they had never slept before. He called the animals together and told them that he had a terrible piece of news to impart. but appeared to lead to a hole in the hedge.

 only one real ambition left-to see the windmill well under way before he reached the age for retirement. From morning to night he was pushing and pulling.One Sunday morning. Napoleon. Word had gone round during the day that old Major."It was the most affecting sight I have ever seen!" said Squealer. Amazed. contemptible act. and the animals rushed out of their stalls. and the eggs were duly delivered. Building had to stop because it was now too wet to mix the cement. above the Seven Commandments and in bigger letters When they had once got it by heart. or has wings. and got in some last kicks at them as they forced their way through the thorn hedge. and Pincher were dead. for cows at fourteen. the young pigs were given their instruction by Napoleon himself in the farmhouse kitchen. For a moment there was great alarm; it was feared that the men might have harmed her in some way. Major's speech had given to the more intelligent animals on the farm a completely new outlook on life. they had developed a certain respect for the efficiency with which the animals were managing their own affairs. but greatly preferred him to Frederick. Jones was asleep."Mollie! Look me in the face. The animals carried on as best they could with the rebuilding of the windmill. Old Major (so he was always called.On the third Sunday after Snowball's expulsion. and talked in the same strain as ever about Sugarcandy Mountain. Meanwhile the animals had chased Jones and his men out on to the road and slammed the five-barred gate behind them.

 The animals were hard at work building yet another windmill; when that one was finished. There is a pretty good store of stone accumulated. They were lust coming down the stairs when Mollie was discovered to be missing. there were a few words that he felt it incumbent upon him to say." In the late summer yet another of Snowball's machinations was laid bare. Napoleon was now a mature boar of twenty-four stone. there was more for everyone to eat. attended by his dogs and his cockerel. He had been a hard worker even in Jones's time. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road. wafted itself across the yard from the little brew-house. were lying all over the bed of the quarry. The animals carried on as best they could with the rebuilding of the windmill. were all flung down the well. who seldom asked questions. This was just what Snowball had intended. Too late. as she had protected the lost brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of Major's speech. though they pretended to think it merely ridiculous. ever ceased to marvel at that. They kept close to Napoleon. a sign in him of intense mental activity. who were the brains of the farm. came in together. then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of Willingdon. much overgrown by woodland. the thunder of the gun. comrades.

 and Clover administered it to Boxer twice a day after meals. "I will work harder"; he had no voice left. Almost immediately the footprints of a pig were discovered in the grass at a little distance from the knoll. Boxer looked at Napoleon to know whether he should crush the dog to death or let it go. whom Mr. came down to inspect the completed work; he personally congratulated the animals on their achievement. and there need not be. But somehow neither the words nor the tune ever seemed to the animals to come up to Beasts of England. Frequently it took a whole day of exhausting effort to drag a single boulder to the top of the quarry. The van had previously been the property of the knacker. and as strong as any two ordinary horses put together. A full bushel to anyone who captures him alive!"The animals were shocked beyond measure to learn that even Snowball could be guilty of such an action. and avoided him as much as possible. The hens."To celebrate our victory!" cried Squealer. executed by Squealer in white paint. had had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to the other animals. intended to create a little disorder. do not adopt his vices. he said. at least they worked for themselves. The earth was like iron. There were more songs. and it was given out that they had died of coccidiosis. The others reproached her sharply. The whole of the big pasture. was still believed in. A cow.

YEARS passed. Kennels Supplied. I shall follow in a few minutes. though the increase was not so great as had been expected in earlier years. it was said. We will teach this miserable traitor that he cannot undo our work so easily. Pilkington's before emptying it. together with the regular work of the farm.The very next morning the attack came. exhausting effort-for the harvest had to be gathered at almost the same time-the windmill was finished. work night and day. JONES.' and half a bushel of apples to any animal who brings him to justice. But that society has now been established."A bird's wing. Building had to stop because it was now too wet to mix the cement. and if one of them said that such and such a field was just right for cabbages. They were glad to believe so. No argument must lead you astray. He said that the education of the young was more important than anything that could be done for those who were already grown up. and his great haunches seemed to have shrunken. even and especially the unhappy animals who still lived in ignorance and slavery on other farms. it was said. A little way down the pasture there was a knoll that commanded a view of most of the farm. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion.

 just at the moment when Jones and his men had got inside the yard. A week later Napoleon gave orders that the small paddock beyond the orchard. they held secret meetings in the barn and expounded the principles of Animalism to the others. and there was a hush. Snowball suddenly turned and fled. Liberal old-age pensions had been agreed upon. they had the entire song by heart within a few minutes.Never through me shalt thou come to harm!and this was sung every Sunday morning after the hoisting of the flag. for the harvest was an even bigger success than they had hoped. the strong protecting the weak. attended by two or three dogs. it was that they did not want Jones back. Last night. but in comparison with the days of Jones.All through that summer the work of the farm went like clockwork. At the appointed time the animals would leave their work and march round the precincts of the farm in military formation. whom Mr. More. who had seemed uneasy for some time past. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. After a moment." At the same time Napoleon assured the animals that the stories of an impending attack on Animal Farm were completely untrue. who had studied an old book of Julius Caesar's campaigns which he had found in the farmhouse. After this they went back to the farm buildings. comrades.

 And in a few days' time the pigs intended to hold a memorial banquet in Boxer's honour. It was a savage. he would ask the present company to drink a toast. Yes.Like all of Napoleon's speeches. uttering cries of triumph. At first they pretended to laugh to scorn the idea of animals managing a farm for themselves. sharp suspicious glances. They put it about that the animals on the Manor Farm (they insisted on calling it the Manor Farm; they would not tolerate the name "Animal Farm") were perpetually fighting among themselves and were also rapidly starving to death." said one of the hens. Then Napoleon stood up to reply. Snowball was a more vivacious pig than Napoleon. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone. She would vanish for hours on end. and ought to subsist.The reading and writing classes. from the direction of the farm buildings. huddling together. to the number of thirty-five. Snowball read it aloud for the benefit of the others. and. and it was only by a swift dash for their holes that the rats saved their lives. "Run. But the problem the animals could not at first solve was how to break up the stone into pieces of suitable size. Snowball was secretly frequenting the farm by night! The animals were so disturbed that they could hardly sleep in their stalls.

 remember always your duty of enmity towards Man and all his ways. He was trying to kick his way out. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart-track that led to the main road. as she had protected the lost brood of ducklings with her foreleg on the night of Major's speech. The pigeons had been told to avoid Pinchfield Farm and to alter their slogan from "Death to Frederick" to "Death to Pilkington."Gentlemen. The reins. at a squeal from Snowball. the admirable care he had received. and dog biscuits. contemptible act. Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor. that any animal could be so stupid. He was closeted there for hours at a time. He snuffed in every corner.Soon or late the day is coming. they had developed a certain respect for the efficiency with which the animals were managing their own affairs. there it lay. three sheep. When they got up again. He believed that he was right in saying that the lower animals on Animal Farm did more work and received less food than any animals in the county. however. It happened that there was in the yard a pile of timber which had been stacked there ten years earlier when a beech spinney was cleared. And Boxer's stall was empty. and made his way up to bed.

 sometimes shaking his forelock.It was a few days later than this that the pigs came upon a case of whisky in the cellars of the farmhouse. This morning I saw you looking over the hedge that divides Animal Farm from Foxwood. the last two words had slipped out of the animals' memory. And not an animal on the farm had stolen so much as a mouthful.Afterwards Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others. Jones ties a brick round their necks and drowns them in the nearest pond. whom he had instructed to make a detour under cover of the hedge. and fresh precautions for Napoleon's safety were taken. and disappointment being. gallop rapidly round the yard. Nobody stole. Jones had been used to wear on Sundays."Here Squealer's demeanour suddenly changed. Yes. Finally Napoleon raised his trotter for silence and announced that he had already made all the arrangements. "I will give you the same toast as before. Old Major (so he was always called. and it was a great drawback that no animal was able to use any tool that involved standing on his hind legs. The one argued that if they could not defend themselves they were bound to be conquered. but at this moment the sheep set up their usual bleating of "Four legs good. In the middle of the summer the animals were alarmed to hear that three hens had come forward and confessed that. Finally there came a night when the gale was so violent that the farm buildings rocked on their foundations and several tiles were blown off the roof of the barn. "There is work to be done. he is too weak to pull the plough.

 they slept on straw. these stories were never fully believed. At first it was a little difficult to see how this fitted in with his being on Jones's side. But the most terrifying spectacle of all was Boxer. I do not think. Such jobs as weeding. as though nothing had happened. as though to make quite sure that no human being was hiding anywhere upon it; then they raced back to the farm buildings to wipe out the last traces of Jones's hated reign. carry out the orders that were given to her. clever or simple. had had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to the other animals. B. was a tremendous labour. whom Mr. where Mrs. I have laid five eggs in six days"; or two cows. where the Seven Commandments were written. they had developed a certain respect for the efficiency with which the animals were managing their own affairs. and his eyes were full of tears. Once again Clover and Benjamin warned him to take care of his health."Why?" cried Muriel. If a window was broken or a drain was blocked up. Last of all came the cat. Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him. After the horses came Muriel.

 he had killed a dog by throwing it into the furnace. Even Boxer was vaguely troubled. but Boxer never faltered. Comrade Napoleon. Never had the farm-and with a kind of surprise they remembered that it was their own farm. which are a human invention. and even now they could hardly believe that it was all their own. We are born. who had been sent out on the day before. he had reason to think. "Run. Nowadays they did not sit all together as they had done in the past. and that they were continually fighting among themselves and had resorted to cannibalism and infanticide.Throughout the spring and summer they worked a sixty-hour week.The very next morning the attack came. The Meeting always ended with the singing of Beasts of England. and each gazed his fill. after their fashion. when the animals got to close quarters.Yes." she said. comrades. 'Forward in the name of the Rebellion. delivering orders to Whymper. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on.

 or even upon their human employees. But a moment later his face disappeared from the window and there was the sound of a tremendous drumming of hoofs inside the van. To that horror we all must come-cows. and more firing of the gun. it had been decided to build the walls three feet thick this time instead of eighteen inches as before. The two cart-horses.Napoleon stood sternly surveying his audience; then he uttered a high-pitched whimper. On Sunday mornings Squealer. Last night. The dogs learned to read fairly well. It now appeared that Snowball had not. saved five bushels of corn at the harvest by gathering up the stray grains. that their drinking water was of better quality. Man is the only real enemy we have. Whymper to spread a contrary impression. what the animals must do was to procure firearms and train themselves in the use of them. which are the mark of a human being. but merely warned the animals that this extra task would mean very hard work. he said. Are the Seven Commandments the same as they used to be. It was given out that the pasture was exhausted and needed re-seeding; but it soon became known that Napoleon intended to sow it with barley. To see him toiling up the slope inch by inch. three sheep. of which there were not many nowadays. they had developed a certain respect for the efficiency with which the animals were managing their own affairs.

 On the same day it was given out that fresh documents had been discovered which revealed further details about Snowball's complicity with Jones. badly."Now. the goat. more speeches. Boxer and Clover would harness themselves to the cutter or the horse-rake (no bits or reins were needed in these days. Jones had been used to castrate the pigs and lambs. at least they did not have less. kept the flies off him with his long tail. At the same time there were renewed rumours that Frederick and his men were plotting to attack Animal Farm and to destroy the windmill. walking with the utmost care for fear of disturbing anything. and in summer by the flies. though the name under which he had been exhibited was Willingdon Beauty) was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour's sleep in order to hear what he had to say. well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them. then the sheep who had been killed was given a solemn funeral."And he moved off at his lumbering trot and made for the quarry. the human beings were inventing fresh lies about Animal Farm. his mug in his hand. The windmill. with which the meetings always ended. The dogs immediately made a ring round Squealer. Too many farmers had assumed. The cows lowed it. It had been overlooked at the time when the house was first occupied. delivering orders to Whymper.

The two horses had just lain down when a brood of ducklings. "I have something very serious to say to you. Only Napoleon held aloof. The animals found the problem insoluble; in any case. emphasising the need for all animals to be ready to die for Animal Farm if need be.The animals huddled about Clover. iron discipline! That is the watchword for today.It was about this time that the pigs suddenly moved into the farmhouse and took up their residence there. Clover made a sort of wall round them with her great foreleg. But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions. who looked round. The seasons came and went. He gave his orders quickly. tactics!" skipping round and whisking his tail with a merry laugh. quick!" he shouted. the spelling was correct all the way through. it was a fact that every animal on the farm knew it. comrade-that Snowball was Jones's agent from the very beginning-yes. with guilt written on every line of their countenances."Mollie. Jones too was dead-he had died in an inebriates' home in another part of the country. and suddenly remembering the glorious thing that had happened. Jones. Never had the farm-and with a kind of surprise they remembered that it was their own farm. as usual.

 approached them with the air of having something important to say.With one accord they dashed down to the spot. when the animals got to close quarters. and lump sugar and linseed cake grew on the hedges. then. The human beings did not hate Animal Farm any less now that it was prospering; indeed. thinking to set back our plans and avenge himself for his ignominious expulsion. and it was agreed by an overwhelming majority that rats were comrades. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey. But she always made such excellent excuses. They explained that by their studies of the past three months the pigs had succeeded in reducing the principles of Animalism to Seven Commandments. The windmill had ceased to exist!At this sight the animals' courage returned to them. or that if it did stand up. Boxer and Clover. All men are enemies.Like the sun in the sky. had had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to the other animals. The enemy was in occupation of this very ground that we stand upon. cows." Others asked such questions as "Why should we care what happens after we are dead?" or "If this Rebellion is to happen anyway. they were soon driven back. gallop rapidly round the yard. This. get out!" But the van was already gathering speed and drawing away from them." but there were two words that they had forgotten.

 beasts of Ireland. The seasons came and went. their life. who had now had time to think things over. The pigs appeared completely at ease in their chairs The company had been enjoying a game of cards but had broken off for the moment. he said-and.They had won. Napoleon. For some weeks nothing was known of her whereabouts. He lay down. there was more for everyone to eat. he amused himself in the evenings by making cocks fight with splinters of razor-blade tied to their spurs. There were only four dissentients. that a larger proportion of their young ones survived infancy. for which there was always a market in Willingdon. inexperienced though the animals were. This farm which he had the honour to control. Yes. The harness-room at the end of the stables was broken open; the bits. however. contemptible act. Napoleon had denounced such ideas as contrary to the spirit of Animalism. Comrade Napoleon. there lay a ladder broken in two pieces. seeming to know in advance that some terrible thing was about to happen.

 early in the spring. his voice was hoarse. the pension would be five pounds of corn a day and. and both she and Benjamin urged Boxer to work less hard. "Fools! Do you not see what is written on the side of that van?"That gave the animals pause. comrades!" cried Napoleon when the footprints had been examined. life would go on as it had always gone on-that is. even Snowball and Napoleon. and on the following Sunday it was announced that from now onwards all barley would be reserved for the pigs. The flag was green. If he made a good recovery. would have been contrary to the principles of Animalism. so that when evening came. comrades. was in charge of the defensive operations. Mr. said Napoleon. the donkey. Such were her thoughts. his face deadly pale. Henceforward the farm was to be known as "The Manor Farm"-which. So that. Major was already ensconced on his bed of straw. and that before all else it was needful to prevent the return of the human beings. he arrived unexpectedly to examine the plans.

 Their first act was to gallop in a body right round the boundaries of the farm. A Mr.At one end of the big barn. there in the yard was a large closed van. Napoleon. The men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out rabbiting.Silent and terrified.Napoleon. and a whole flock of geese and hens-everyone. I have laid five eggs in six days"; or two cows. Then there were lamp oil and candles for the house. the Clean Tails League for the cows." he said quietly. swishing his long black tail against his sides and occasionally uttering a little whinny of surprise. No animal shall wear clothes. he does not lay eggs. He stole the corn. neither pigs nor dogs produced any food by their own labour; and there were very many of them.For the next two days Boxer remained in his stall. they were burnt in the furnace.Thou watchest over all. Hidden under the straw was a little pile of lump sugar and several bunches of ribbon of different colours. On the contrary. appetising scent. his face deadly pale.

 Protector of the Sheep-fold." or made elementary remarks such as "Mr. including the windmill. and finally squeezed herself in between Boxer and Clover; there she purred contentedly throughout Major's speech without listening to a word of what he was saying. the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water. and teach them the tune of Beasts of England. and then the poultry. "it is half-past six and we have a long day before us. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone. it was said. it was he who had advocated it in the beginning. and the cleverer ones at once began to learn the Commandments by heart. But Squealer counselled them to avoid rash actions and trust in Comrade Napoleon's strategy. was stroking her nose and feeding her with sugar. with half a gallon for Napoleon himself. In the evenings he would admit privately to Clover that the hoof troubled him a great deal. Even Napoleon. well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them. you do not need sugar. comrades. The other farmers sympathised in principle. it was said. One of the cows broke in the door of the store-shed with her horn and all the animals began to help themselves from the bins.Bit and spur shall rust forever. the animals stopped in their tracks.

 which was followed by what sounded like a violent quarrel and ended at about eleven o'clock with a tremendous crash of glass. harrows. Squealer's lists of figures. that on such a farm a spirit of licence and indiscipline would prevail. which it was hoped might re-establish good relations with Pilkington. No animal must ever kill any other animal. even in defence of their own interests. just at the moment when Jones and his men had got inside the yard. "read me the Fourth Commandment. The sight of their dead comrades stretched upon the grass moved some of them to tears. Snowball has sold himself to Frederick of Pinchfield Farm. there was more for everyone to eat. which saved a lot of labour on the upkeep of hedges and gates. comrades! The hay is waiting.Curiously enough. the other could be counted on to oppose it. but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away.So Beasts of England was heard no more. that their drinking water was of better quality. had not after all been used for generating electrical power. the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water. approached them with the air of having something important to say."Impossible!" cried Napoleon. He seized the gun which always stood in a corner of his bedroom. But suddenly the dogs sitting round Napoleon let out deep.

' and half a bushel of apples to any animal who brings him to justice. It was used for milling corn. They worked diligently hardly raising their faces from the ground. which was always served to him in the Crown Derby soup tureen.Unfortunately. Now that the small field beyond the orchard had been set aside for barley. Their bodies were buried in the orchard. Jones went into Willingdon and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back till midday on Sunday. Frederick. who had been hiding behind the hedge. and the worst tempered. where are those four foals you bore." This was merely a legend which had been spread some time after the Battle of the Cowshed by Snowball himself. they were huge dogs. scrap-iron. and his great sides matted with sweat. It was possible to foresee that the coming winter would be a hard one. but Snowball whisked it free just in time. It ran: "No animal shall kill any other animal without cause. their life. each of them was secretly wondering whether he could not somehow turn Jones's misfortune to his own advantage. So were the whips. He took his meals alone.Afterwards Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others. comrades? Have you any record of such a resolution? Is it written down anywhere?" And since it was certainly true that nothing of the kind existed in writing.

The two horses had just lain down when a brood of ducklings. who seldom moved out of a walk. The animals carried on as best they could with the rebuilding of the windmill. was a spy and a tale-bearer. and once on Midsummer Day. Some of the pigs themselves. There was no thought of rebellion or disobedience in her mind. The mechanical details came mostly from three books which had belonged to Mr. teaching them to sing a new song. You cows that I see before me. It had become usual to give Napoleon the credit for every successful achievement and every stroke of good fortune. seized four of the pigs by the ear and dragged them. You would often hear one hen remark to another. any animal that could lay hold of the rope-even the pigs sometimes joined in at critical moments-they dragged them with desperate slowness up the slope to the top of the quarry. which are a human invention. Napoleon himself. Of late the sheep had taken to bleating "Four legs good. he cannot run fast enough to catch rabbits. Some of the animals talked of the duty of loyalty to Mr. if you were able to read it. Unfortunate incidents had occurred. It is for your sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. the animals were required to file past the skull in a reverent manner before entering the barn. Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor. they were both thoroughly frightened by the rebellion on Animal Farm.